Sikhism is a monotheistic religion that originated in the Punjab region of India in the 15th century. Founded by Guru Nanak Dev Ji, Sikhism is rooted in his teachings and those of the nine Gurus who succeeded him, culminating in Guru Gobind Singh Ji. The primary scripture of Sikhism is the Guru Granth Sahib, a revered text that is treated with great respect and devotion. Sikhism emphasizes the oneness of God, who is formless and omnipresent, and promotes the equality of all humans, regardless of caste, religion, or gender. Core tenets include truthful living, social justice, and community service, encapsulated in the Three Pillars of Sikhism: Naam Japna (chanting God's name), Kirat Karni (earning an honest living), and Vand Chakna (sharing with others, especially those who are less fortunate).
Sikh men are easily recognizable by their uncut hair, which is usually covered by a turban, and other articles of faith, collectively known as the Five Ks (Kesh, Kara, Kanga, Kachera, and Kirpan). Sikhism has a strong martial tradition, partly arising from the need to defend the community against persecution, as exemplified by the creation of the Khalsa by Guru Gobind Singh Ji in 1699. Today, Sikhism is a global religion with a majority of its followers still residing in Punjab, India, but with significant communities in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and other parts of the world. The religion is known for its emphasis on community service, exemplified by the institution of the "langar," or community kitchen, where free meals are served to all, irrespective of their background.