दुःख Duḥkha, a central concept in Buddhist philosophy, refers to the inherent suffering, unsatisfactoriness or discomfort that pervades human existence. It is one of The Four Noble Truths, which are foundational teachings of Buddhism. Dukkha encompasses not only the obvious forms of suffering, such as pain, illness, and death, but also the subtle, pervasive sense of dissatisfaction that arises from impermanence and the insubstantial nature of worldly pleasures. Understanding and acknowledging दुःख Duḥkha motivates the pursuit of enlightenment and liberation from the cycles of rebirth and suffering. The recognition of दुःख Duḥkha serves as the impetus for following the The Eightfold Path, which offers practical steps to overcome suffering and attain a state of lasting peace and happiness.